Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019泰州中学高三月考)
With the assistance of office volunteers, Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontiéres (MSF) can reduce administration expenses and fully apply resources to help more populations worldwide.
Office volunteers usually assist us with our clerical work including data entry, letter mailing and information arrangement in MSF-HK office during office hours. You are also welcome to assist us by doing translation, research, designing publications, producing video clips, and other projects according to your schedule at home.
We also need volunteers for our events like the MSF Orienteering Competition and our exhibitions to take photographs, and to head reception counters or information booths(咨询台).
If you are interested in volunteering for MSF-HK office, please look through our volunteer vacancies below.
·Donor Services Volunteer
We are looking for a regular volunteer to help our Donor Services Unit with various data entry work and update the database through making outbound calls to the donors and supporters. ·General volunteers
Apart from specific volunteer vacancies, MSF-HK also needs general volunteers with greater adaptability to assist with clerical work or event organization. Should you be interested in joining us as general volunteers, please simply upload your personal information to our volunteer database. Depending on our workload, we will search for volunteers who fit that skill set requirement and time frame, and further contact them for work arrangement. ·Join our volunteer database
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1.According to the passage, office volunteers for MSF-HK . A.usually needn’t work overtime B.should master at least two languages
C.are required to complete their task in the office D.may have received a handwritten letter of appointment
2.MSF-HK’s job arrangement for office volunteers is . A.permanent B.vague C.flexible 答案
[语篇解读] 本文招聘MSF-HK办公室志愿者,并介绍了作为志愿者应做的工作。
1.A 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Office volunteers usually assist us with our clerical work including data entry, letter mailing and information arrangement in MSF-HK office during office hours.可知,MSF-HK的志愿者工作不需要加班。故选A。
2.C 推理判断题。根据本文第二、三段可知,MSF-HK的志愿者工作安排是灵活的。故选C。
B
(2019江苏南京、盐城二模)
D.private
“With depressingly few exceptions, performances are dull and lack vitality... After years of trying to convince myself otherwise, I now feel sure that ballet is dying.”
—Jennifer Homans, Apollo’s Angels.
Is ballet dead? Has the art form evolved into depression? Jennifer Homans’s conclusion of her fascinating history of ballet, Apollo’s Angels, is worrying.
It appears that ballet’s pulse continues to beat strongly, however, especially with a Tchaikovsky defibrillator attached. So why are some dance commentators arguing that ballet is dying? And do they have a point?
“Ballet is dead”—“Ballet is dying”—all ring tones of Friedrich Nietzsche’s
philosophical claim: “God is dead.” Headline grabbing, certainly. Yet can ballet be defined in
such black and white terms? Surely it is more abstract, filled with shades of popular grey. ①
To start with, how do you define ballet? What is ballet today? Consider popular modern classics like Twyla Tharp’s In the Upper Room, where dancers wear pointy shoes and sneakers, combining contemporary and classical vocabulary together. Or closer to home, there is Graeme Murphy’s Swan Lake, which layers elements of Petipa’s choreography (编舞) with a contemporary theme and aesthetic. Many contemporary choreographers all embrace classical form and principles, and then manipulate (操纵) the rules. ②
The line between contemporary dance and ballet is vague. In an interview with The Telegraph (2015), British choreographer Matthew Bourne acknowledges that this “cross-fertilisation” between contemporary dance and ballet continues to grow, as evidenced by the rise in new commissions from contemporary choreographers at the Royal Ballet and English National Ballet. Referring to Homans’s book, Bourne believes what has changed is that “the dance forms are coming closer together”. Not dying, but merging. Reinventing. This has been the case amongst Australasian ballet companies for many years now. ③
Homans writes that ballet’s decline began after the passing of Ashton and Balanchine. Something has changed, certainly. A stylistic transition—from neo-classical to contemporary ballet—has occurred. ④
Our art form’s evolution has always been threatened with extinction. Prominent dance critic with The New York Times, Alastair Macaulay, says: “Ballet has died again and again over the centuries, yet phoenix-like, risen again from its ashes.” History shows there were periods where ballet hibernated and lacked popularity. This coincided with the art form’s changing forums.
So here is the irony: what sells best, still, are reproductions of Petipa’s classics. A season without a Tchaikovsky score is a financial risk. And without The Nutcracker (《胡桃夹子》), half the ballet companies in North America would not exist. Admittedly, as a dancer, my favourite roles—Albrecht, Prince Siegfried and Romeo—were from the classical canon; I am a traditionalist at heart (who loves to be challenged by good contemporary ballets). A part of the charm behind classical repertoire, for me, was in reproducing the glories of past greats. Classical ballet’s framework supports the modern process of benchmarking.
Perhaps Jennifer Homans’s thoughts are not completely unfounded. Perhaps ballet is dying for some. Ballet’s evolution has been delayed by its audiences. And as Homans suggests in her epilogue, perhaps also by its creatives.
Now here is a bold prediction. In line with the Royal Ballet’s programming in Brisbane this year—of Christopher Wheeldon’s The Winter’s Tale, and Wayne MacGregor’s Woolf Works—over the next 20 years, ballet’s reliance on Petipa will decrease. Contemporary ballets and merge-styled ballets will produce their box-office influence ever more.
Why?
It is simple: our audiences will be ready for ballet to change again.
3.Why does the writer cite Jennifer Homans’s words at the beginning of the passage? A.To support the writer’s viewpoint. B.To introduce the topic of the passage. C.To highlight the theme of the passage. D.To provide the background knowledge.
4.The sentence “Is this not ballet?” should be put in . A.① B.② C.③ D.④
5.Which of the following statements is a fact about ballet?
A.“Surely it is more abstract, filled with shades of popular grey.” (Para. 3) B.“The line between contemporary dance and ballet is vague.” (Para. 5)
C.“Our art form’s evolution has always been threatened with extinction.” (Para. 7) D.“What sells best, still, are reproductions of Petipa’s classics.” (Para. 8) 6.According to Matthew Bourne, . A.the dance forms remain unchanged
B.contemporary dance has reinvented classic ballet
C.ballet is experiencing growth and will continue to develop D.a new form of ballet is widely accepted among Australians
7.The writer takes himself as an example in Paragraph 8 in order to show . A.classics should be promoted
B.classics are still of great significance C.classical ballet’s framework is out of date
D.contemporary ballets attract more audiences
8.What may be the audiences’ attitude to the change of ballet? A.Supportive. 答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文。作者围绕芭蕾舞是否消亡的问题进行探讨,最后陈述观点:芭蕾舞并未消亡,而是与现代舞蹈融合在一起。
3.B 推理判断题。根据 Jennifer Homans所说的内容,我们可以推断出她的观点是:芭蕾舞的表演由于枯燥和缺少活力,现在呈现出一种不被人们接受的趋势。从第一段开头:Is ballet dead? Has the art form evolved into depression?我们可以明白文章的主要观点为议论芭蕾舞是否真的“已死”。因此作者引用这段话是为了引出文章的话题,而不是支持作者的观点、介绍背景知识或者突出文章主题,故选 B项。
4.B 推理判断题。根据题干所给句子“Is this not ballet?”我们可以推断出这句话之前应当是介绍芭蕾舞的某种形式。从第四段开头句我们可以知道本段主要是对芭蕾舞下定义,下面也分别介绍了经典作品和现代融合的情况:以芭蕾舞的表现形式结合现代主题或审美。现代编舞者采纳经典的形式和原则从而操控规则,这难道不是芭蕾舞?因此,题干中“Is this not ballet?”放在这里符合逻辑,故选B项。
5.D 细节理解题。题干要求选出以下哪一项是关于芭蕾舞的客观事实,而选项中的句子都是出自原文,对于考生来说可能比较难以判断,这时需先辨别出哪些是观点,哪些是事实。A项中作者表达的是不赞同上一句的内容,是一个观点。B项“现代舞与芭蕾舞之间的界限很模糊”很显然也是作者的观点。C项 “艺术形式的进化总是伴随着消亡”也是作者对于芭蕾舞发展进化的观点。只有 D项属于陈述客观事实,故选D项。
6.C 细节理解题。通过 Matthew Bourne 这个关键词定位到文章的第五段。A项意为“舞蹈形式没有发生改变”,B项意为“现代舞使古典芭蕾舞以新形式出现”,C项意为“芭蕾舞正在经历成长并将继续发展”,D项意为“一种新型的芭蕾舞被澳洲人广泛接受”。根据第五段第四、五句Not dying, but merging. Reinventing.可知, Matthew 认为芭蕾不是消亡,而是融合,是再创造,故选C项。
7.B 细节理解题。根据第七、八段可知,作者不反对来自当代芭蕾的挑战与冲击,但明确表示:Classical ballet’s framework supports the modern process of benchmarking. 从而强调经典芭蕾的重要性。C 项意思完全相反,A项与D项在原文并未提及。故选B项。
8.A 推理判断题。根据文章最后三段尤其是最后一段中的our audiences will be ready for ballet to change again可知观众支持芭蕾的改变。supportive支持的;arbitrary专制的,武断的;critical批评的;concerned关心的。故选A 项。
B.Arbitrary. C.Critical. D.Concerned.
Ⅱ.任务型阅读
(2018兴化第一中学考前适应性练习)
Age has its privileges in America, and one of the most important of them is the senior citizen discount. Eligibility(资格) is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate. The discounts have become a routine part of many businesses—as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.
People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them;yet, millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” means “needy”. Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and many older Americans are poor. But most of them aren’t.
It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases, the discounts are given at the expense,directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant(刺激物) in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.
Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits, which mostly involve a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore point. Supported by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job—thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.
Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a privilege to a group with millions of members who don’t need them.
It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment, and they threaten the creation of a new myth that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting against—discrimination by age.
Outline Introduction Details Age determines whether an American can be given a discount, which is a common 8 in American business life today. Origin of senior Since the senior citizens are often treated as people who are in 9 ,they citizen discounts are given such priority. ●The situation has changed a lot where the majority of the elderly are not poor at all. ●Younger Americans were at a(n) 11 directly or indirectly due to the 10 situation discounts given to the elderly, thus leading to conflicts between generations. ●The number of older Americans 12 to work rather than retire is on the increase, which means 13 opportunities for young workers. ●It is no longer a kind of charity because millions of senior citizens don’t need the priority 14 now. ●It’s unwise to offer discount priority to the elderly. ●It will mislead people to think they are unable to 15 to themselves. Conclusion ●People may think that they are ungrateful and they’re hurting the 16 of other age groups. ●Actually senior citizen discounts, to some extent, 17 against their age. 答案
[语篇解读] 本文探讨了美国社会老年人享受商品折扣这一特殊待遇的现象。作者提出很多老年人是拥有支付能力的,他们并不需要享受折扣。让他们享受商品折扣其实是牺牲了年轻人的利益,甚至会加剧两代人之间的冲突,从某种程度上来说,老年人享受折扣其实也是一种年龄歧视。
8.practice 考查信息转换。由第一段中的 “The discounts have become a routine part of many businesses—as common as...”可知这是一种惯常行为,a common practice意为“惯常行为,常规做法”,因此用practice。
9.need/poverty 考查信息转换。由第二段中的The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that“elderly”means“needy”可知老人享受折扣起因是认为老年人有需要,也就是贫穷。因此用need/poverty。
10.Present/Current 考查信息归纳。由右栏中提到的四点可以看出此处是说目前美国的社会现状,即present/current situation。因此用Present/Current。
11.disadvantage 考查信息转换。由第三段中的“But in other cases, the discounts are given at the expense, directly or indirectly, of younger Americans.”可知对老年人优惠使得年轻人处于不利地位。at a disadvantage意为“处于不利地位”,因此用disadvantage。
12.preferring 考查信息转换。由第四段中的“more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job”可知选择继续工作而不选择退休的老年人的数量在增加。prefer...rather than是固定搭配,意为“宁愿……而不愿……”。因为“ 11 to work rather than retire”作older Americans的定语,所以空格处prefer用动名词形式,故用 preferring。 13.fewer 考查信息转换。由第四段最后一句中的“thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers”可知老年人不愿退休,年轻人就业和升职的机会变少了,故用fewer。 14.economically 考查信息转换。由最后一段中的“It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others.”可知很多老年人在经济上不需要这种优惠了,这里空格处修饰动词need,要用副词形式,即economically。
15.attend/tend 考查信息转换。由最后一段中的 “Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves” 可知老年人折扣只会增强老年人不能照顾自己的错误观念。attend/tend to oneself意为“照顾自己”,因此用attend/tend。
16.interest(s)/benefit(s) 考查信息转换。由最后一段中的 “the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups”可知,人们会认为老年人是不感恩的,而且他们伤害了其他年龄段的人的利益,因此用interest(s)/benefit(s)。
17.discriminate 考查信息转换。由最后一段最后一句可知老年人折扣可能会被认为是一种年龄歧视,这里用在against前,用动词形式discriminate。 Ⅲ.书面表达 (2018南通一模)
Xue Zhaofeng, a professor from Peking University, reportedly has more than 170,000 subscribers to his online teaching course and could be making about 35 million yuan ($5.3 million) a year. Xue is only one among the hundreds of online teachers making millions of yuan a month. According to iResearch, an agency specializing in Internet data collection, the online education market was worth 156 billion yuan by the end of last year, and it is expected to reach 260 billion yuan by 2019.
Online education has also got a mention in this year’s Central Government Work Report, which Premier Li Keqiang delivered to the annual National People’s Congress. We can thus
conclude that online education not only has huge economic potential, but it also enjoys government support.
Online education is not without problems, though. Some online “educators” are extremely popular yet they hardly teach students anything useful. Even worse, there is hardly any
supervision of online education agencies. A China Central TV report on Nov. 17 said quite a high percentage of such agencies are being operated without the education bureaus’ knowledge. [写作内容]
1.用约30个单词写出上文概要;
2.用约120个单词阐述网络课程流行的原因以及你对网络课程健康发展的建议。 [写作要求]
1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句; 2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称; 3.不必写标题。 [评分标准]
内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。
答案
One possible version:
With the availability of rich educational resources, online education is becoming increasingly popular, bringing online teachers and agencies a large fortune. However, online education has caused some problems worth paying attention to.
There are many reasons accounting for its popularity. Nowadays, Chinese parents attach great importance to education, willing to pay for extra courses to ensure their children’s academic success. Besides, it is convenient for students to get access to online courses and follow their own pace of study. Hence, online education also helps people save time and money.
From my point of view, online education is a wise option, but essential measures should be taken to guarantee its healthy development. Education authorities should strictly regulate the national standards. Moreover, online teachers and agencies are expected to offer quality
education. Above all, students should realize, no matter how useful online education is, it cannot completely replace school education.
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